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1.
J. bras. psiquiatr ; 70(4): 330-337, out.-dez.2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1350962

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Evidenciar a influência dos aspectos subjetivos na adesão ao tratamento do transtorno bipolar. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada revisão sistemática com base nas diretrizes PRISMA. A identificação dos estudos foi realizada por meio da busca nos bancos de dados PubMed, Scopus e SciELO, com base nos descritores "Bipolar Disorder" AND "Treatment Adherence and Compliance" AND "Mental Health". A busca contemplou todos os artigos publicados até o ano 2020, sem restrição de idioma. RESULTADOS: Foram localizados 743 artigos, 714 foram excluídos no processo de seleção, 29 foram lidos na íntegra e 11 foram elegíveis para a composição da amostra. A influência dos aspectos subjetivos na adesão ao tratamento foi associada (1) às atitudes resultantes das percepções do sujeito sobre o transtorno e o tratamento e (2) as atitudes por influência de pessoas próximas. Os estudos apontam para a ocorrência de atitudes negativas em ambas as esferas, tendo a má adesão ao tratamento como desfecho. Na esfera da percepção do sujeito, evidenciam-se: presença de comportamentos intencionais e não intencionais; percepção de consequências; medo dos efeitos colaterais; sentimentos negativos; falta de compreensão sobre o transtorno e negação do diagnóstico. Na esfera da influência das pessoas próximas, destacam-se a baixa qualidade da aliança terapêutica e o suporte ineficaz oferecido pela família. CONCLUSÕES: Para melhorar a adesão ao tratamento do transtorno bipolar, é salutar que os esforços terapêuticos estejam centrados na experiência particular do sujeito, na sua satisfação e na colaboração pactuada com o tratamento.


OBJECTIVE: Evidence the influence of subjective aspects on adherence to the treatment of bipolar disorder. METHODS: A systematic review was performed based on the PRISMA guidelines. The identification of studies was performed by searching the PubMed, Scopus and Scielo databases based on the descriptors "Bipolar Disorder" AND "Treatment Adherence and Compliance" AND "Mental Health". The selection included all articles published up to the year 2020 and without language restrictions. RESULTS: A total of 743 articles were found, 714 were excluded from the selection process, 29 articles were read in full and 11 were eligible for sample composition. The influence of subjective aspects on treatment adherence was associated (1) with attitudes resulting from the subject's perceptions about the disorder and treatment and (2) attitudes influenced by people close to them. Studies point to the occurrence of negative attitudes in both spheres, with poor adherence to treatment as an outcome. In the sphere of the subject's perception, they show the presence of intentional and unintentional behaviors; perception of consequences; fear of side effects; negative feelings; lack of understanding about the disorder and denial of diagnosis. In the sphere of influence of those close to them, they highlight the low quality of the therapeutic alliance and the ineffective support offered by the family. CONCLUSIONS: To improve adherence to treatment for bipolar disorder, it is beneficial that therapeutic efforts are centered on the individual's particular experience, on their satisfaction and on the agreed collaboration with the treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bipolar Disorder/psychology , Bipolar Disorder/drug therapy , Attitude to Health , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Social Support , Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacology , Lithium Carbonate/pharmacology
2.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 49(12): e5805, 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-828178

ABSTRACT

Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) or spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by expansion of the polyglutamine domain of the ataxin-3 (ATX3) protein. MJD/SCA3 is the most frequent autosomal dominant ataxia in many countries. The mechanism underlying MJD/SCA3 is thought to be mainly related to protein misfolding and aggregation leading to neuronal dysfunction followed by cell death. Currently, there are no effective treatments for patients with MJD/SCA3. Here, we report on the potential use of lithium carbonate and coenzyme Q10 to reduce cell death caused by the expanded ATX3 in cell culture. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT assay and by flow cytometry after staining with annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide. Treatment with lithium carbonate and coenzyme Q10 led to a significant increase in viability of cells expressing expanded ATX3 (Q84). In addition, we found that the increase in cell viability resulted from a significant reduction in the proportion of apoptotic cells. Furthermore, there was a significant change in the expanded ATX3 monomer/aggregate ratio after lithium carbonate and coenzyme Q10 treatment, with an increase in the monomer fraction and decrease in aggregates. The safety and tolerance of both drugs are well established; thus, our results indicate that lithium carbonate and coenzyme Q10 are good candidates for further in vivo therapeutic trials.


Subject(s)
Humans , Ataxin-3/drug effects , Cell Death/drug effects , Lithium Carbonate/pharmacology , Machado-Joseph Disease , Repressor Proteins/drug effects , Ubiquinone/analogs & derivatives , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Machado-Joseph Disease/drug therapy , Ubiquinone/pharmacology
3.
Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2010; 23 (2): 188-193
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-98353

ABSTRACT

Lithium remains a mainstay in the acute and prophylactic treatment of bipolar affective disorder. It is used in the augmentation of antidepressant treatment and, less frequently, in the augmentation of antipsychotic treatment of schizophrenia. It is reported to have specific anti-suicidal effects. Thus the effect of Lithium was interesting to study on the glutathione [GSH] level in vivo conditions. Ellman's method has been used to see the effect of lithium on glutathione [GSH] level in whole blood. The time dependent effect of Lithium on the chemical status of glutathione [GSH] was determined in the whole blood [Plasma and cytosolic fraction] of human. The concentration of Glutathione was drastically decreased. The decrease in the glutathione level was concentration and time of interaction dependent, probably due to oxidation of glutathione [GSH] to corresponding disulphide [GSSG]. In this paper the effect of Lithium on the Thiol/GSH level was discussed in vitro, which in principal may present a model of in vivo reaction


Subject(s)
Humans , Cytosol/metabolism , Lithium Carbonate/pharmacology , Plasma/metabolism , Metals/pharmacology , Time Factors
4.
Rev. psiquiatr. (Santiago de Chile) ; 16(3): 175-8, jul.-sept. 1999. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-263598

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el uso del carbonato de litio en pacientes hospitalizados en sectores de agudos en el Instituto Psiquiátrico de Santiago, desde 1985 a 1990, y comparar su uso en los dos servicios clínicos existentes en ese período. El estudio se llevó a cabo en los Servicios A y B del Instituto que tenían características similares en cuanto a tipo de pacientes. El instrumento usado para hacer las comparaciones fue la DDD (dosis diaria definida), fórmula que hace posible comparar el uso de fármacos entre distintos centros. Se buscó también variaciones estacionales en su utilización. Un masivo incremento en el uso del Carbonato de Litio se aprecia en los primeros seis años, el que se estabiliza en los últimos dos. Este hecho puede atribuirse a un menor diagnóstico de los trastornos afectivos y a una progresiva aceptación del uso del medicamento. También se encontró una gran diferencia en el uso del medicamento entre los dos servicios (A y B) lo que resulta difícil de explicar y podría estar relacionado con la aplicación de criterios diagnósticos diferentes en trastornos del ánimo versus esquizofrenia. En relación a la variación estacional se encontró un incremento mayor en primavera


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Seasonal Affective Disorder/drug therapy , Lithium Carbonate/pharmacology , Posology , Lithium Carbonate/administration & dosage , Hospitals, Psychiatric/statistics & numerical data
5.
Acta sci ; 21(2): 403-8, jun. 1999. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-278791

ABSTRACT

A apresentaçäo destes resultados é uma conseqüência da linha de pesquisa desenvolvida com o carbonato de lítio - Li2CO3 (Li) - e adoçantes näo calóricos, em animais de laboratório em fase de estudos, acrescentando-se sacarina (Sc) e utilizando-se camundongos Swiss fêmeas. O objetivo foi avaliar diferenças estatisticamente significantes como indicadoras de mutagenicidade, quando grupos de camundongos receberam os tratamentos. Em nove tabelas, analisou-se o percentual de micronúcleos (MN) calculados em eritrócitos policromáticos (EP) e normocromáticos (EN), isoladamente, e na soma total. Os animais foram tratados por dez dias, v.o. com Li, na dose de 100mg/kg, ou Li associado à sacarina (Sc), nesta mesma diluiçäo. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com os grupos tratados com ciclofosfamida - Ci. (+) e água - controle (-). A análise de variância seguida do teste de Tukey mostrou diferenças estatisticamente significativas para as médias do percentual de MN em EP, EN e na soma dos totais com valores de F iguais a 16,57**, 9,67** e 15,63**, respectivamente. A comparaçäo dois a dois foi analisada pelos testes "t" de Student (p < 0,05). Diferença significativa só se apresentou para o grupo Ci (+). Considerando-se a metodologia usada em camundongos fêmeas e pela análise estatística estudada, näo foi encontrada indicaçäo de mutagenicidade com a contagem de MN em células de medula óssea para esta espécie de animal.


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Female , Adult , Bone Marrow Cells , Lithium Carbonate/pharmacology , Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective/drug effects , Saccharin/pharmacology , Sweetening Agents/pharmacology , Analysis of Variance , Erythrocyte Count , Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective/chemistry , Mutagenicity Tests
6.
Rev. bras. ciênc. morfol ; 10(2): 120-5, jul.-dez. 1993. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-168514

ABSTRACT

The thiyroid gland of rats, was studied under experimental conditions porvided by administration of several doses of lithium carbonate. It was noted a drug a cumulative effcct on the serum; and the decrease of T3 and T4 hormones in the blood, as well as, the red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit platelets and leukocytes; the diameter of the thy roid follicles, the size of the follicular cells and colloid droplets. On the othcr hand the stroma was invaded by of collagen fibers and blood capillaries.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Thyroid Gland , Lithium Carbonate/pharmacology , Blood Platelets/drug effects , Leukocyte Count , Thyroid Gland/ultrastructure , Hemoglobins/drug effects , Microscopy, Electron , Rats, Wistar , Thyroxine/drug effects , Triiodothyronine/drug effects , Weight Gain/drug effects
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